Teachings of Light-Making of Native Architecture in the Earthquake-Struck Villages in Sarpol-e-Zahab

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Art University of Isfahan

10.22034/mpsh.2025.504216.1051
Abstract
The village and native architecture of Iran is full of inspirational points for designers and architects. Concern of this paper, according to previous studies of the researcher and since visiting the Earthquake-struck villages of Sarpol-e-Zahab is began and It was motivated to re-emphasize the need for light-making design and inspiration from native village architecture. The importance of this research is that based on that, lightweight design is influenced by native methods, In order to design and build new buildings in the field of native architecture. Typically, interventionist policies for the construction of rural housing will mandate industrial manufacturing practices with low-interest loans in rural areas, unfortunately, in contrast to the existing field of architecture, due to the Absence of skilled labor and inadequate processing of materials, it is doubtful to achieve its goals. The approach to this research has been descriptive-analytic, which, while enjoying theoretical foundations, the empirical support of the researcher also comes with. In order to carry out a case study, it is necessary to study the architectural features including the shape of the buldings site, the plan and the volume of the building, the dimensions and location of the openings and the structural features, including the type of materials and technology of the foundation, walls and ceiling of these species. This research requires the use of descriptive and analytical methods. In this regard, recognizing the indigenous techniques and materials of the study area and the history of research on the topic of research and performing qualitative analysis in order to adapt the principles and methods governing the native architecture of the area with the methods of housing rehabilitation is necessary. In conducting this research, in addition to reviewing the documents and analyzing them, the necessity of field studies, observation and interview with the residents and rural housing experts as well as local professors in the study area is evident. The findings of this study, according to field observations, as well as investigation of earthquake destruction from the website of the Spatial Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, showed that in the ruined villages the remaining healthy buildings were constructed in accordance with the native construction method, and the rest of the non-native constructed buildings, almost completely destroyed. Other findings indicate that in the cases where in the earthquake-struck villages of Sarpol-e-Zahab, reliance on native construction methods has been taken into account, residents' security has been preserved due to the lightness of housing structures. Other teachings include the explanation of the tried and tested methods of native production using bomber materials, which can resist earthquake shocks, roofs and walls of rural buildings as much as possible. The third part of the findings, after the presentation of the teachings and findings of the earthquake-stricken villages of Sarpol-e-Zahab, is a study and generalization of an example of the staging of sample villages in southern Iran, in the west of Fars province. Based on these findings, native stylistic methods with resident participation can be generalized as a strategy as well as an application. The product of this look is a collaborative process to meet standards and enhance security, while supporting social capital and promoting native construction methods by the people themselves. It is hoped that this study could be an idea for a sustainable architecture for designers and engineers, and the basis for thinking in the further development of native architecture and the use of native materials.